Keywords: sag

Next: About this document Up: Linux System Administrators' Guide Previous: References

## Index

.hushlogin
  What `login` does
.profile
  Shell startup | Shell startup | Initial environment: `/etc/skel`
/bin
  The filesystem layout | The root filesystem | The root filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | Partitioning schemes
/bin/sh
  Mounting and unmounting | `init` comes first | Shell startup
/boot
  The root filesystem
/dev
  The filesystem layout | The root filesystem | The \texttt/dev\index/dev directory | The `/dev` directory | Two kinds of devices | Partitioning schemes
/dev/fd0
  Floppies | Formatting
/dev/fd0H1440
  Floppies
/dev/fd1
  Floppies
/dev/hda
  Hard disks
/dev/hda1
  Device files and partitions
/dev/hda2
  Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting
/dev/hdb
  Hard disks
/dev/hdc
  Hard disks
/dev/hdd
  Hard disks
/dev/MAKEDEV
  The `/dev` directory
/dev/MAKEDEV.local
  The `/dev` directory
/dev/sda
  Two kinds of devices | Hard disks
/dev/sdb
  Hard disks
/dev/sdb7
  Device files and partitions
/dev/tty
  Configuring `init` to
/dev/tty1
  Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to
/etc
  The filesystem layout | The root filesystem | The \texttt/etc\index/etc directory | The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | Partitioning schemes | What to back up
/etc/csh.cshrc
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/csh.login
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/fastboot
  Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with
/etc/fdprm
  The `/etc` directory | Floppies
/etc/fstab
  The `/etc` directory | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Adding more disk space | Using a swap space | Using a swap space | Using a swap space
/etc/group
  The `/etc` directory | Access control | Creating a user by | Changing user properties | Removing a user
/etc/init.d/rc
  Run levels
/etc/inittab
  The `/etc` directory | Configuring \textttinit\indexinit to start | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Run levels | Run levels | Run levels | Special configuration in \texttt/etc/inittab\index/etc/inittab | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab`
/etc/issue
  The `/etc` directory | Logins via terminals
/etc/localtime
  Showing and setting time
/etc/login.defs
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/magic
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/motd
  The `/etc` directory | What `login` does
/etc/mtab
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/nologin
  What `login` does
/etc/passwd
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | Booting in single user | Access control | \texttt/etc/passwd\index/etc/passwd and other informative | `/etc/passwd` and other informative | `/etc/passwd` and other informative | Creating a user by | Changing user properties | Changing user properties | Removing a user
/etc/printcap
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/profile
  The `/etc` directory | Shell startup | Shell startup | Initial environment: `/etc/skel`
/etc/rc
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory
/etc/rc.d
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/rc?.d
  The `/etc` directory
/etc/securetty
  The `/etc` directory | Access control
/etc/shadow
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | Access control | `/etc/passwd` and other informative
/etc/shadow.group
  Access control
/etc/shells
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory
/etc/skel
  Initial environment: \texttt/etc/skel\index/etc/skel | Initial environment: `/etc/skel` | Initial environment: `/etc/skel` | Initial environment: `/etc/skel` | Creating a user by
/etc/skel/.profile
  Initial environment: `/etc/skel`
/etc/termcap
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory
/extra-swap
  Creating a swap space
/home
  The filesystem layout | Background | Background | Background | Background | The root filesystem | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Partitioning schemes | Examples of hard disk | What to back up
/home/staff
  Background
/home/students
  Background
/lib
  The filesystem layout | The root filesystem | Partitioning schemes
/lib/modules
  The root filesystem
/mnt
  The root filesystem | The root filesystem | The root filesystem
/mnt/dosa
  The root filesystem
/mnt/exta
  The root filesystem
/proc
  The root filesystem | The \texttt/proc\index/proc filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | Filesystems galore | What to back up
/proc/1
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/cpuinfo
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/devices
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/dma
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/filesystems
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/interrupts
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/ioports
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/kcore
  The `/proc` filesystem | Filesystems galore | What to back up
/proc/kmsg
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/ksyms
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/loadavg
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/meminfo
  The `/proc` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | Using a swap space
/proc/modules
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/net
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/self
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/stat
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/uptime
  The `/proc` filesystem
/proc/version
  The `/proc` filesystem
/root
  The root filesystem
/sbin
  The root filesystem
/sbin/getty
  Logins from terminals
/sbin/init
  `init` | The boot process in | `init` | `init` comes first
/sbin/update
  The buffer cache
/tmp
  Periodic command execution: `cron` | The root filesystem | The root filesystem | The `/var` filesystem | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Partitioning schemes | `init` comes first | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab`
/usr
  The filesystem layout | Background | Background | Background | Background | Background | Background | Background | Background | The root filesystem | The \texttt/usr\index/usr filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Partitioning schemes | Partitioning schemes | Partitioning schemes | Partitioning schemes | Examples of hard disk | Booting in single user | Booting in single user
/usr/adm/messages
  Formatting
/usr/bin
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/doc
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/include
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/info
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/lib
  The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/lib/libc.a
  Background
/usr/lib/zoneinfo
  Showing and setting time
/usr/local
  The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem
/usr/local/bin
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/man
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/man/cat*
  The `/var` filesystem
/usr/man/man*
  The `/var` filesystem
/usr/sbin
  The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/var
  Background | Background
/usr/X11R6
  The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem | The `/usr` filesystem
/usr/X386
  The `/usr` filesystem
/var
  The filesystem layout | Background | Background | Background | Background | Background | Background | The root filesystem | The \texttt/var\index/var filesystem | The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem | Mounting and unmounting | What to back up
/var/adm/messages
  Background
/var/catman
  The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem
/var/lib
  The `/var` filesystem
/var/local
  The `/var` filesystem
/var/lock
  The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem
/var/log
  The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem
/var/log/messages
  The `/var` filesystem
/var/log/wtmp
  The `/var` filesystem | What `login` does
/var/man
  The `/var` filesystem
/var/run
  The `/var` filesystem
/var/run/utmp
  The `/var` filesystem | What `login` does
/var/spool
  The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem
/var/spool/mail
  Mail | The `/var` filesystem
/var/tmp
  Periodic command execution: `cron` | The root filesystem | The `/var` filesystem | The `/var` filesystem | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting
/vmlinuz
  The root filesystem
active partition
  The boot process in
adduser
  Creating a user
afio
  Compressed backups
application program
  Various parts of an
at
  Periodic command execution: \textttcron\indexcron | Periodic command execution: `cron` | Removing a user
Athena
  Graphical user interface
axe
  More about shutdowns
background processes
  and shutting down
    More about shutdowns
backups
  Emergency boot floppies
badblocks
  Formatting | Formatting | Formatting | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem | Checking for disk errors | Checking for disk errors
bdflush
  Other tools for all | The buffer cache | The buffer cache | The buffer cache
BIOS
  The boot process in
boot process
  `init`
boot record
  master
    see MBR
  partition
    see partition boot record
boot sector
  An overview of boots
booting
  An overview of boots
  from emergency floppy
    Emergency boot floppies
  from floppy
    The boot process in
  from hard disk
    The boot process in
  messages
    The boot process in
bootstrap loader
  An overview of boots
BSD
  Important parts of the
buffer cache
  Important parts of the | An overview of boots | More about shutdowns | More about shutdowns
C compiler
  Various parts of an
cache
  More about shutdowns
centralized computing
  Networking
cfdisk
  Partitioning a hard disk
checking a filesystem
  The boot process in
chfn
  Changing user properties
chmod
  Creating a user by | Changing user properties
chown
  Creating a user by
chsh
  The `/etc` directory | Changing user properties
cleaning temporary files
  Periodic command execution: `cron`
clock
  Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | When the clock is
communication
  Mail
compression of kernel
  The boot process in
console
  The boot process in
cpio
  Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Multilevel backups | Compressed backups
crack
  Access control | Access control
crash
  More about shutdowns
cron
  Periodic command execution: \textttcron\indexcron | Periodic command execution: `cron` | Periodic command execution: `cron` | Periodic command execution: `cron` | What `login` does | Removing a user | Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time
crontab
  Periodic command execution: `cron`
crying
  Boots And Shutdowns
ctrl-alt-del
  Rebooting
curs_termcap
  The `/etc` directory
daemons
  at
    see at
  cron
    see cron
  init
    see /sbin/init
  rlogin
    see rlogin
  starting
    The boot process in
  telnet
    see telnet
data loss
  An overview of boots
date
  Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | Showing and setting time | When the clock is
dd
  Disks without filesystems | Disks without filesystems
debugfs
  Checking filesystem integrity with | Other tools for the | Other tools for the
deluser
  Removing a user
device driver
  Important parts of the
device driver configuration
  The boot process in
df
  The `/etc` directory | Other tools for all
disk cache
  More about shutdowns
distributed computing
  Networking
documentation
  Various parts of an
DouBle
  Tips for saving disk
du
  Other tools for all
dump
  Mounting and unmounting | Other tools for the | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Multilevel backups | Multilevel backups
dumpe2fs
  Other tools for the | Other tools for the | Other tools for the
e-mail
  see electronic mail
e2fsck
  Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking for disk errors | Other tools for the | Other tools for the | Other tools for the
electronic mail
  Mail
elm
  Mail
emergency floppy
  making
    Emergency boot floppies
  using
    Emergency boot floppies
emergency shutdown
  see shutdown, emergency
error messages
  Syslog
exec
  Logins via terminals
fault tolerance
  Networking
fdformat
  Formatting | Formatting | Formatting | Formatting
fdisk
  The MBRboot sectors | Partition types | Partition types | Partition types | Partitioning a hard disk | Partitioning a hard disk | Partitioning a hard disk | Partitioning a hard disk
fdisk -l
  The MBRboot sectors
file
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory
filesystem driver
  Important parts of the
Filesystem Standard
  see FSSTND
filesystems
  root
    The boot process in
find
  Removing a user | Making backups with `tar`
fips
  Partitioning a hard disk
floppy
  booting from
    see booting
floppy drive
  Emergency boot floppies
floppy-image
  Disks without filesystems
fork
  Logins via terminals
free
  The `/proc` filesystem | Using a swap space | Using a swap space | Allocating swap space
fsck
  Formatting | Formatting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking filesystem integrity with | Checking for disk errors | Other tools for the | The boot process in | Booting in single user | Booting in single user | Booting in single user | Booting in single user | Booting in single user
FSSTND
  The filesystem layout
fstab
  Mounting and unmounting
ftpd
  The `/etc` directory
games
  Various parts of an
GCC
  Various parts of an
getty
  `init` | Logins from terminals | Logins from terminals | Logins from terminals | Logins from terminals | Network logins | Network logins | Network logins | The `/etc` directory | The boot process in | The boot process in | `init` | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | Configuring \textttinit\indexinit to start | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via the network | Logins via the network
graphical user interface
  Graphical user interface
group
  The `/etc` directory
gzexe
  Tips for saving disk
gzip
  Tips for saving disk | Compressed backups
hard disk
  booting from
    see booting
hardware configuration
  The boot process in
improper shutdown
  see shutdown, emergency
incoming mailbox
  Mail
inetd
  Logins via the network
init
  \textttinit\indexinit | `init` | `init` | `init` | `init` | `init` | `init` | `init` | Logins from terminals | Logins from terminals | The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | An overview of boots | An overview of boots | The boot process in | The boot process in | The boot process in | The boot process in | More about shutdowns | \textttinit\indexinit | `init` | `init` | `init` | see /sbin/init | \textttinit\indexinit comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | `init` comes first | Configuring \textttinit\indexinit to start | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Configuring `init` to | Run levels | Run levels | Run levels | Run levels | Run levels | Run levels | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab` | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab` | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab` | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab` | Booting in single user | Booting in single user | Booting in single user | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals
  and ctrl-alt-del
    Rebooting
  single user mode
    Single user mode
inittab
  Configuring `init` to | Special configuration in `/etc/inittab`
installation disks
  Emergency boot floppies
kernel
  Various parts of an
kernel compression
  The boot process in
kernel configuration
  The boot process in
kernel panic
  The boot process in
killing processes
  `init`
kill -HUP 1
  Configuring `init` to
last
  What `login` does
letter
  see electronic mail
LILO
  The boot process in | The boot process in
Linux Filesystem Standard
  see FSSTND
log files
  Syslog
logging in
  Logins from terminals
logging out
  Logins from terminals
login
  Logins from terminals | Logins from terminals | Logins from terminals | The `/etc` directory | The `/var` filesystem | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | Logins via terminals | What \textttlogin\indexlogin does | What `login` does | What `login` does | What `login` does | What `login` does
lpr
  Two kinds of devices
ls
  Two kinds of devices | Two kinds of devices | The buffer cache
ls -l
  Two kinds of devices
lseek
  What are filesystems?
magic
  The `/etc` directory
mail, electronic
  see electronic mail
mailbox
  Mail
MAKEDEV
  The `/dev` directory
master boot record
  The boot process in
MBR
  The boot process in
memory management
  Important parts of the
mkdir
  Creating a user by
mke2fs
  Other tools for the
mkfs
  Formatting | Formatting | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem | Creating a filesystem
mkfs)
  Introduction
mkswap
  Creating a swap space | Creating a swap space | Creating a swap space | Creating a swap space | Creating a swap space
Motif
  Graphical user interface
mount
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting
mount -a
  Mounting and unmounting
mounting
  root filesystem
    The boot process in
mounting filesystems
  `init`
mtools
  Mounting and unmounting
multitasking
  Important parts of the
multiuser mode
  `init`
netdate
  When the clock is | When the clock is
nethack
  Special configuration in `/etc/inittab` | Booting in single user
Network File System
  see NFS
network file systems
  Network file systems
network management
  Important parts of the
NFS
  Network file systems
now
  Other tools for all
Open Look
  Graphical user interface
operating system
  Various parts of an
panic
  The boot process in
partition boot record
  The boot process in
partition table
  The boot process in
passwd
  The `/etc` directory | Access control | `/etc/passwd` and other informative | Creating a user by | Changing user properties
periodic command execution
  see cron and at
pine
  Mail
printer queue
  Printing
proc
  The `/proc` filesystem
process management
  Important parts of the
programming languages
  Various parts of an
ps
  Allocating swap space
ramdisk
  Emergency boot floppies
rdate
  When the clock is
rdev
  Mounting and unmounting | The boot process in | The boot process in
read-only root filesystem
  The boot process in
rebooting
  Rebooting
restore
  Other tools for the
rlogin
  Network logins | Network logins | Logins via the network
root
  `init` | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting
root filesystem
  The boot process in
run level
  `init`
sendmail
  Mail | Glossary (DRAFT)
serial terminal
  The boot process in
setfdprm
  The `/etc` directory | The `/etc` directory | Floppies | Floppies | Formatting
sharing printers
  Printing
shutdown
  More about shutdowns | More about shutdowns | More about shutdowns | More about shutdowns | Rebooting | What `login` does
  actions
    More about shutdowns
  emergency
    More about shutdowns
  triple syncs
    More about shutdowns
  using
    More about shutdowns
shutdown message
  More about shutdowns
shutting down
  More about shutdowns
single user mode
  `init` | Single user mode
smail
  Mail
social relations
  Printing
socket
  Important parts of the
spooling
  Printing
starting a computer
  An overview of boots
startup messages
  The boot process in
stopping the processor
  `init`
su
  Access control | Disabling a user temporarily
sudo
  Mounting and unmounting
swap space
  Important parts of the
swapoff
  Using a swap space
swapon
  Using a swap space | Using a swap space
sync
  Other tools for all | The buffer cache | The buffer cache | The buffer cache | The buffer cache | More about shutdowns | More about shutdowns
syslog
  Syslog | The `/var` filesystem | The `/proc` filesystem | Formatting | What `login` does
system call
  Various parts of an
system crash
  More about shutdowns
system program
  Various parts of an
sysvinit
  `init` comes first | `init` comes first
tail
  Disabling a user temporarily
tar
  Disks without filesystems | Disks without filesystems | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Selecting the backup tool | Making backups with \texttttar\indextar | Making backups with `tar` | Making backups with `tar` | Making backups with `tar` | Making backups with `tar` | Making backups with `tar` | Making backups with `tar` | Making backups with `tar` | Restoring files with \texttttar\indextar | Restoring files with `tar` | Restoring files with `tar` | Restoring files with `tar` | Multilevel backups | Compressed backups | Compressed backups
telinit
  Run levels | Booting in single user
telnet
  Various parts of an | Network logins | Network logins | Logins via the network
temporary files
  Periodic command execution: `cron`
termcap
  The `/etc` directory
terminal
  The boot process in
terminfo
  The `/etc` directory
text mode
  The boot process in
time
  Showing and setting time
top
  Using a swap space
tune2fs
  Other tools for the | Other tools for the
tzset
  Showing and setting time
umask
  Mounting and unmounting
umount
  Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting | Mounting and unmounting
unmount
  Mounting and unmounting
unmounting filesystems
  `init`
update
  Other tools for all | Other tools for all | Other tools for all | The buffer cache | The buffer cache | More about shutdowns | More about shutdowns | Glossary (DRAFT)
user authentication
  Logins from terminals
user mode
  Various parts of an
useradd
  Creating a user
userdel
  Removing a user
utmp
  What `login` does | What `login` does | What `login` does
video card
  The boot process in
video mode
  The boot process in
vigr
  Creating a user by | Changing user properties
vipw
  Creating a user by | Creating a user by | Changing user properties
virtual console
  The boot process in
virtual filesystem
  Important parts of the
w
  What `login` does
warning messages
  Syslog
who
  What `login` does
Windows 95
  see crying
wtmp
  What `login` does | What `login` does
X Window System
  `init` | Graphical user interface
xterm
  More about shutdowns
zip
  Tips for saving disk